Meta-analyses have shown medium to large effect sizes of ACT interventions on different symptoms of psychological distress (Powers, Zum Vrde Sive Vrding, & Emmelkamp, 2009). 9. Akrami N, Ekehammar B, Bergh R. Generalized prejudice: Common and specific components. Powers, M. B., Vrding, M. B. (2020). (2011) study, a normative sample was determined (n = 1,016) from the combination of an undergraduate student sample (n = 433) and an adult employee sample (n = 583). The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II: an Item - Springer AAQ-II = psychological inflexibility, EQ = Decentering, SDS = social distancing, RWA = right wing authoritarianism, SDO = social dominance, SEE = Scale of Ethno-cultural Empathy, IRI-Emp = empathic concern, IRI-PT = perspective taking. Here in this post, we are sharing the The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire. Hayes SC, Luoma JB, Bond FW, Masuda A, Lillis J. Abstract The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ; Hayes et al., 2004) is a short, general measure of experiential avoidance, based on a specific theoretical approach to this process. A summary score was calculated to indicate general social distancing towards stigmatized groups. Analyses indicated that the AAQ-S psychological flexibility and inflexibility subscales, as well as a combined total score, correlate with other measures of psychological flexibility and stigma in expected ways, and are more predictive of stigma than a general measure of psychological flexibility. Experiential avoidance in primary care providers: Psychometric properties of the Brazilian Acceptance and action questionnaire (AAQ-II) and its criterion validity on mood disorder-related psychological distress. Analyses indicated that the AAQ-S psychological flexibility and inflexibility subscales, as well as a combined total score, correlate with other measures of psychological flexibility and stigma in expected ways, and are more predictive of stigma than a general measure of psychological flexibility. The first thing you should do to counsel her is to, 4. The observation that the AAQ-S is more strongly correlated with stigma-related measures than the AAQ-II provides support for the potential utility of the AAQ-S over this more general measure of psychological flexibility within stigma research. Note that different definitions of psychological flexibility are used in the neurocognitive literature. Accessibility AAQ stands for the "Acceptance and Action Questionnaire". In this study, the preliminary psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the AAQ-II (Swedish Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-SAAQ) are presented. 16. I feel that I am aware of my own biases. The present research was designed to evaluate an abbreviated version of the SA-AAQ. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. Saying whatever comes to mind, even if it seems senseless, painful, or embarrassing, is part of the Freudian technique known as. That version is attached below. I feel that my prejudicial thoughts are a significant barrier to me being culturally sensitive. . The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Stigma (AAQ-S): Developing a Higher scores on the AAQ-II were associated with greater depression symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory and the DASS and anxiety symptoms on the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the DASS. Supporting Occupational Justice for Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming People Through Narrative-Informed Theater: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study. The .gov means its official. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - ResearchGate 20. High scores on the AAQ-2 are reflective of greater experientialavoidance and immobility, while low scores reflect greater acceptance and action. There are more specific acceptance and defusion measures available. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Similarly, within a college setting, a diversity-related class might result in increased scores on the inflexibility scale due to increased awareness of personal biases and how they affect ones behavior, even though this might actually represent a decrease in psychological inflexibility. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is most likely to be used, as a last resort, with which type of problem? The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Stigma (AAQ-S): Developing a Measure of Psychological Flexibility with Stigmatizing Thoughts Authors: Michael E Levin Utah State University Jason. Development and preliminary validation of Cancer-related Psychological Given that the psychological flexibility and inflexibility subscales are theoretically assessing different aspects of a single construct and the observed correlation between subscales, an AAQ-S total score variable combining the items from the two subscales was also calculated. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Psychotherapist Online Further evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action QuestionnaireII. The mean item rating for content was 3.17 (SD = .33, N = 5) and for quality was 3.22 (SD = .47, N = 4). Link BG, Phelan JC. I often get caught up in my evaluations of what others are doing wrong. A normative percentile is also presented, comparing the respondents score againsta sample of normative undergraduates and adults (Bond et al., 2011). An examination of theory and applications. 2022 Aug 12;3(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s43058-022-00332-z. Moreover, it isnecessary for you to take the permission of scales from their representative authors before use because copyrights are reserved by the respected authors. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Determinants of coping styles of people with Parkinson's Disease The AAQ-II and key psychometric findings for the scale can be found below. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. The Social AnxietyAcceptance and Action Questionnaire (SA-AAQ; MacKenzie and Kocovski 2010) is a 19-item self-report measure designed to assess acceptance and action specific to social anxiety symptoms. In addition, further research is needed to examine the relationship of the AAQ-S to measures of stigma directed towards specific groups to continue to examine whether these processes indeed apply across a range of stigmatized groups. Swedish Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (SAAQ): a - PubMed Development of a brief version of the Social Anxiety - Acceptance and Meng XL, Rosenthal R, Rubin DB. Bogardus ES. The study is done in two steps. 8600 Rockville Pike When I have judgments about others, they are very intense. The Stigmatizing Attitudes Believability scale, used in the study by Hayes, Bissett et al. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: The process and practice of mindful change. Abstract The present study seeks to investigate the extent to which the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) is successful in discriminating between experiential avoidance/psychological flexibility on the one hand and the supposed outcomes in terms of psychological well-being of having this trait on the other. Clin Psychol Rev. Examining associations among factor-analytically derived components of mental health stigma, distress, and psychological flexibility. 14. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Prejudice, terrorism and behavior therapy. Epub 2014 Jun 23. Acceptance and values-based action in chronic pain: a study of treatment effectiveness and process. Acceptance was the term used to positively describe this model; it is defined as the willingness to experience (i.e., not alter the form, frequency, or sensitivity of) unwanted private events, in the pursuit of one's values and goals. Introduction. (2019). As a result, it is recommended that researchers and practitioners use this newer scale instead of the original AAQ (which from here forward will be termed the AAQ-I). Future research would benefit from examining whether particular contextual factors, including acceptance and mindfulness interventions, alter the relationship between the AAQ-S and stigma-related outcomes, in addition to more traditional validity assessment processes. Correlations were in the expected direction such that higher inflexibility/lower flexibility with stigmatizing thoughts was related to higher psychological inflexibility as measured by the AAQ-II and lower decentering as measured by the EQ. The Cronbachs alpha for psychological inflexibility and psychological flexibility subscales were .85 and .82 respectively. This cutoff is indicated by a dotted line on the graphs. To learn more about our
Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - II: A revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. government site. Recent efforts have established the generalizability of this construct across . The psychological flexibility model also highlights key pathological processes including psychological inflexibility, in which ones actions are rigidly guided by psychological reactions rather than direct contingencies or chosen values, and experiential avoidance, in which one attempts to avoid, escape or otherwise control difficult thoughts and feelings despite the harmful consequences of doing so. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - version 2 (AAQ-II), is the most widely used measure of psychological flexibility. Rsch N, Angermeyer MC, Corrigan PW. It is defined as the ability to fully contact the present moment and the thoughts and feelings it contains without needless defense, and, depending upon what the situation affords, persisting or changing in behavior in the pursuit of goals and values (Hayes et al., 2006). The present research was designed to evaluate an abbreviated version of the SA-AAQ. Social distance and its origins. I rarely worry about getting my evaluations towards others under control. When Im talking with someone I dont like, Im aware of my evaluations of them. We have thousands of Scales and questionnaires in our collection (See Scales and Questionnaires). Asbrock F, Sibley CG, Duckitt J. National Library of Medicine An official website of the United States government. Vasiliou VS, Russell H, Cockayne S, Coelho GLH, Thompson AR. personalize content, and analyze site traffic. The Social Anxiety - Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (SA-AAQ; MacKenzie and Kocovski 2010) is a 19-item self-report measure designed to assess acceptance and action specific to social anxiety symptoms. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy; Experiential avoidance; Prejudice; Psychological flexibility; Stigma. Frank is currently on the editorial boards of a number of academic journals, including Work & Stress. His research and consultancy focus on identifying and enhancing the organizational and psychological factors that determine work effectiveness (e.g., productivity, innovation), leadership skills, and employee health (e.g., mental/physical health). Finally, although the first and second versions of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Hayes et al., 2004; Bond et al., 2011) represent a well validated general measure of psychological flexibility, research has found that domain specific measures of psychological flexibility are more sensitive and applicable when research is focused on a specific and unique problem area (e.g., Gifford et al., 2004; Gregg, Callaghan, Hayes, & Glenn-Lawson, 2007; Luoma, Drake, Kohlenberg, & Hayes, 2011). NIEHS offers a broad range of job opportunities, career enhancement programs, and research training grants and programs in environmental health sciences and administration. The observed correlations between the AAQ-S and stigma-related measures, in contrast to the relative lack of correlations between the AAQ-II and stigma measures, provide some reassurance that this measure is not simply measuring a negative bias toward others, but further research is important in establishing the construct validity of the AAQ-S. Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., Wilson, K. G., Bissett, R. T., Pistorello, J., Toarmino, D., Polusny, M., A., Dykstra, T. A., Batten, S. V., Bergan, J., Stewart, S. H., Zvolensky, M. J., Eifert, G. H., Bond, F. W., Forsyth J. P., Karekla, M., & McCurry, S. M. (2004). (2004), was designed to specifically measure believability of stigmatizing thoughts towards individuals with addiction problems and does not capture other domains of psychological flexibility nor provide a more generally applicable measure for stigma towards various groups. The IRI is a multidimensional 28 item self-report measure that distinguishes four core components of empathy; personal distress, perspective taking, empathic concern, and fantasy. In contrast to this is psychological inflexibility which is the rigid dominance of psychological reactions over values and goals. higher levels of depression and anxiety) and poorer life functioning (e.g. The current study sought to develop and test the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Stigma (AAQ-S), a measure of psychological flexibility with stigmatizing thoughts. Purely psychometric evaluations of instruments are based on a mechanistic and realistic conception of language (e.g., see Borsboom, Mellenbergh, & van Heerden, 2003) not a contextual analysis, as is the case with ACT and its base in the Relational Frame Theory (Hayes, Barnes-Holmes, & Roche, 2001). Epub 2014 Jul 18. Work status . A resource for kids, parents, and teachers to find fun and educational materials related to health, science, and the environment Example items for Factor 2 include I feel that I am aware of my own biases. and Its OK to have friends that I have negative thoughts about from time to time. Your friend Kiki comes to you with a personal problem. These differences are terminological, not substantive. Luoma J, Drake CE, Kohlenberg BS, Hayes SC. Mindfulness and acceptance in multicultural competency: A contextual approach to sociocultural diversity in theory and practice. 13. On average, there was 83% agreement across judges regarding items that were rated as excellent or good quality as opposed to being rated as adequate or poor.. Wasmuth S, Milton C, Pritchard K, Johnson KR, Wakeford L, Caldwell B, Peak K, Briggeman L, Johnson K. OTJR (Thorofare N J). Frank has consulted with a wide range of organizations, for example, to enhance leadership skills in investment bankers and innovation potential at the BBC. The sample was 67.7% female and the modal age was 18 (M = 20.30, SD = 3.93). Clark LA, Watson D. Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. This system is called __________ and is based on __________. Consistent results were seen across all 3 samples. An online survey of undergraduate students was used to refine the measure and examine its validity in relation to other measures related to psychological flexibility and stigma. In addition, it needs to be acknowledged that in some contexts (e.g., industrial-organizational psychology) it is important to speak of this domain positively (acceptance or flexibility) and in other contexts (e.g., psychopathology) it is easier to speak of it negatively (experiential avoidance or psychological inflexibility). Expert judge ratings and factor analysis were used to identify and refine two distinct subscales; psychological flexibility and psychological inflexibility relating to stigmatizing thoughts. An iterative process was used in which items with high cross loadings (.3 factor loading on a secondary factor) or low loadings on any factor (no factor loadings .45) were removed and the factor analysis was re-run. Bohlmeijer, E. T., Fledderus, M., Rokx, T. A. J. J., & Pieterse, M. E. (2011). Gold SD, Dickstein BD, Marx BP, Lexington JM. If you need help accessing a specific file please contact dr2@niehs.nih.gov. Assessments were completed anonymously and participants had the option to skip any question using the option I choose not to answer. Ethical approval for the study was provided by the University of Nevada, Reno Internal Review Board.