why is cultural assessment important in nursing

A colleague might serve in this role, or the patient might bring a family member who can assist. Systematic review on embracing cultural diversity for developing and sustaining a healthy work environment in healthcare. Ten (n=10) participants responded and were willing to participate. Int J Intercult Relat. 13 Altmetric Metrics Abstract Background Nowadays, healthcare professionals worldwide deliver care for increasing numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse patients. Culturally competent care consists of four components: awareness of one's cultural worldview, attitudes toward cultural differences, knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews, and cross-cultural skills. Int J Equity Health. National Partnership for Action to End Health Disparities, patients with limited English proficiency, https://cancer-network.org/cultural-competency-training/, https://nccc.georgetown.edu/resources/distance.php, https://thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/education, https://psnet.ahrq.gov/web-mm/when-patients-and-providers-speak-different-language, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7201401/, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. We did not ask for feedback from the participants about the data categorisation or interpretation of the results, which would have increased the trustworthiness of the results. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Long-standing systemic health and social inequities have put many people from racial and ethnic minority groups at increased risk of getting sick and dying from COVID-19.. Permission for this study was also applied for and obtained from the participating hospital. N Am J Med Sci. This lecture series can lead to building partnerships for health education and health promotion, encouraging speakers of a language to become medical interpreters, or other ways to enhance trust and empathy. Logan S, Steel Z, Hunt C. Investigating the effect of anxiety, uncertainty and ethnocentrism on willingness to interact in an intercultural communication. Some participants also suggested that the training could be slightly condensed. This indicates that it can be difficult to arrange enough time in healthcare for this type of training and, therefore learning possibilities that are not bound to an exact time or place need to be further developed. Suggest changes to inaccurate or misleading information. Cultural Self-Assessment: This section presents a rationale for the critical importance of cultural self-assessment in health training programs as well as key content areas for incorporation into curricula. Cultural competence in nursing can be observed through the following examples: Beginning in the mid-1980s, health officials began developing resources and guidelines to improve culturally competent nursing care: While nursing education curriculums do focus on health disparities prevalent in specific cultures and the importance of culturally competent care, Norman believes that further steps can be taken. Health & social care in the community. Providing cost-effective training to a broader group of healthcare professionals would require utilising different educational methods, such as e-learning and technology-enhanced learning [34]. The ever-increasing multicultural population in the United States poses a significant challenge to nurses providing individualized and holistic care to their patients. J Gen Intern Med. St. Paul, MN 55105 | 651-690-6000. Cultural competence: A systematic review of health care provider educational interventions. Constructivism learning theory was chosen as the pedagogical approach because it highlights the activity and engagement of the learner in using ones own prior experiences in constructing new knowledge, developing an understanding, and making meanings [25]. It involves several elements that are often specific to ethnic, racial, religious, geographic, or social groups. Beach MC, Price EG, Gary TL, Robinson KA, Gozu A, Palacio AM, et al. 2018;28(3):3818. Privacy To provide this care as a community health nurse, you need to continually acquire knowledge, refine skills, and assess yourself. The importance of cultural assessment - PubMed And when combined with uncertainty, it further decreases effective communication and can lead to the increased use of stereotypes [10]. Cultural competence, cultural humility, and patient-centered care are all concepts that endeavor to detail essential components of a health care system that is sensitive to patient diversity, individual choice, and doctor-patient connection. Four 4-h training sessionsincluding lectures, discussions and short web-based learning taskswere arranged during a four-week period. Part of Cultural competency applies to any workplace. Cultural Competence in Health Care: Is it important for people with In addition, physicians were also invited to participate but none attended. Transcultural nursing: its importance in nursing practice Participants were expected to be physicians, registered nurses or licensed practical nurses with prior experience in taking care of culturally diverse patients. The online program that Texas A&M International University (TAMIU) offers is affordable, flexible, and designed to deepen your knowledge and skills to conduct comprehensive health assessments through the life span for patients of different ages and with specific health conditions. Subjective data refers to information provided by the patient, including their symptoms, concerns, and overall perception of their health. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 1983;13(12):4674. The aim of this systematic review of reviews is to gather and synthesize existing reviews of studies in the field to form a comprehensive . 2012;19(3):1028. Qualitative content analysis with a conventional approach was used to analyse the data. Increased awareness might facilitate the communication between healthcare professionals and patients, which is a crucial component of quality healthcare. Li C, Son N, BA Abdulkerim M, Jordan CA, Christine Ga Eun Son, BA. "These health disparities for childbearing Black women have persisted despite overall improvements in pregnancy-related outcomes," Norman says. Public Health Nurs. PMC Cultural Competence in Nursing: Diversity and Patient Outcomes 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. At Walden, Dr. Norman teaches foundations of nursing research and topics in clinical nursing. The interviewers were familiar with the content of the training, as they had been present at each training session. Participants stated that they greatly appreciated the expertise of the training provider and that the educator had done the proper background work and knew what she was talking about. Qualitative content analysis with a conventional approach was used to analyse the data. Additionally, calling everyone by their first name immediately after meeting them is a friendly gesture in many parts of the United States. Cultural competence is known as a multi-dimensional construct, but it typically refers to a persons cultural sensitivity or attitudes, cultural awareness and cultural knowledge and skills [3,4,5]. 3.7 Cultural Assessment - Nursing Fundamentals Quantitative Reasoning - Bronx Community College Furthermore, in some cultures, only designated family members, often the eldest man, make important decisions about a persons healthcare. Alizadeh S, Chavan M. Cultural competence dimensions and outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. 2016;24(6):11730. They felt more open-minded; and they reported that after the training, they had started paying more attention to the way they acted when taking care of culturally diverse patients. For instance, a female patient who seems reluctant to accept treatment might be deferring the decision to a husband or son who isnt present, a circumstance a nurse might misunderstand. This article discusses how self-awareness can help nurses provide culturally competent care to patients and their families. After the final training session, three semi-structured small group interviews (n=4+2+3) and one single interview (n=1) were conducted in the hospital to explore the perceptions of the participants about training. Karvinen I. Cultural awareness was chosen as the main construct for the training because self-reflection on ones own culture can be seen as an important component of cultural competence, and understanding ones own cultural features and values helps in understanding the beliefs, values and behaviour of others [18]. These include the following: The National LGTB Cancer Network offers cultural competency training for oncology professionals. Figure. "Utilizing cultural competence appropriately will allow for deeper connections with patients," says Knapik. 2000 Jan;18(1):45-51; quiz 51-2. doi: 10.1097/00004045-200001000-00015. They felt pressure to finish their work on time to make it to the sessions, and many felt that four full afternoon sessions was too long to be outside the ward. Rather than saying not to eat it or eat less of it, share about a dish from your background that you might not want to give up, but that you now serve as a side dish rather than an entree, or you substituted ingredients to make it healthier. Completing A Health Assessment In Nursing | NurseJournal.org Cultural competence is essential for establishing rapport with patients and for assessing patients' needs. 2017;16(1):78. It is further recommended that both standard cultural competence training as well as more situation-specific training should be provided [2]. Participants attended the sessions during their working hours, so afternoon times were chosen. The ethics committee of the Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare provided the ethical approval for this study. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0363-x, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0363-x. Cultural awareness is one component of Campinha-Bacotes (2002) model of cultural competence in healthcare delivery, which explains cultural competence as a process that requires healthcare workers to engage in an active and ongoing effort to achieve the ability to provide culturally responsive healthcare services [18]. Storytelling was used because of its strength in promoting the adoption of multiple viewpoints and making sense of unknown theoretical situations, norms and values by using real-life experiences [26]. Cultural awareness, diversity, and inclusivity in nursing strive to combat differences in healthcare that lead to worse health outcomes for disadvantaged racial and ethnic groups. Willingness to be open to other cultures generates the understanding and respect that result in culturally competent nursing to the benefit of patients and caregivers alike. It must also be considered that all the participants highlighted the teaching skills and experience of the educator; therefore their perceptions of the training could have been different if less competent educators would have been used. J Transcult Nurs. Establishing common ground is another vital part of cultural competence in nursing. Educational methods that would allow large groups to participate without restrictions on time and place are also needed. Data collection, data analysis and interpretation of data: A-M.K, LH. Cultural backgrounds influence patient healthcare experiences. Healthcare professionals worldwide are required to deliver care for an increasing number of culturally and linguistically diverse patients. The storytelling type of lecturing, and the high number of real-life examples that were presented in the sessions, were perceived as inspiring among the participants. For example, dont label a patients culture by using terms they dont use to refer to themselves, such as categorizing a Spanish-language speaker from the Dominican Republic as Spanish. Referring to U.S. citizens as American can be off-putting as well, because Central and South Americans, for instance, are also American. Article They can customize their approach to caregiving based on what they know about each patients culture. Your privacy choices/Manage cookies we use in the preference centre. Terms and Conditions, Nurses can develop the ability to tailor and explain treatment plans according to patients' needs, which may be influenced by cultural practices that don't fall within the parameters of conventional medicine. For example, sometimes a male or female nurse is not allowed to help the patient with bathing, etc., or there are certain customs when it comes to end-of-life care. (i4, n1). ", 2004 Randolph Ave | 800-945-4599 However, such sharing was noted to be challenging because increasing cultural awareness was primarily seen as an individual process. This compensation does not influence our school rankings, resource guides, or other editorially-independent information published on this site. Shen Z. For example, ask for "a Hindu perspective" from a Hindu staff member rather than "the Hindu perspective.". Utilizing models of cultural competence, self-efficacy, and the relevant nursing literature, researchers have defined conceptual domains of cultural competence including awareness, knowledge, sensitivity, attitudes, desire, and skills [8, 41].From these definitions, a variety of instruments to assess the cultural competence of health care providers have been developed. By using this website, you agree to our What is culture? Qual Health Res. Participants felt that the training provided them many new, even surprising, perspectives about their own daily communication patterns. Dr. Jamil Norman, a registered nurse and nursing instructor, has found in her research that Black mothers in the U.S. are 3-4 times more likely to die in childbirth compared to white mothers. Together, these components contribute to a high degree of cultural competency, and nurses can integrate them into the care of their patients. In the healthcare setting, cultural competence is defined as an understanding of how social and cultural factors influence the health beliefs and behaviours of patients and how these factors are considered at different levels of a healthcare delivery system to assure quality healthcare [6]. Cultural competence in nursing tailors healthcare to fit a patients unique cultural background. What is Cultural Competence in Nursing? The importance of cultural assessment This article presents the importance of cultural assessment to care of patients in general, with a description of the background development of the Sharma Cultural Assessment Instrument and its potential application to care of persons with spinal cord impairment (SCI). This approach allows nurse professionals to successfully treat patients even when patients' beliefs, practices, and values directly conflict with conventional medical and nursing guidelines. This cultural assessment and culturally oriented care enables the nurse to: Identify ways with which the client's culture and its features impact on their perceptions, beliefs, values, experiences with health, wellness, illness, suffering, and even death Remain accepting, respectful and welcoming of human diversity The word "culture" refers to integrated patterns of human behaviors, including norms, traditions, and values that affect the thinking and behavior of members of particular groups. Instead of providing culturally specific facts about other cultureswhich can increase the use of stereotypes [5]the training was designed to take a more general approach to cultures, with the main goal being to increase awareness of different cultures by scrutinizing ones own cultural features. Training really helped me to understand that thats exactly how we act, and maybe we should try to act a bit differently pay more attention to how we talk and interact with others. (i2, n1), I really wasnt aware that we often communicate with silence, [our] eyes, etc. The participants reported that the training had utility value for the patients as a result of nurses having a better awareness of and ability to acknowledge the differing cultural backgrounds of particular patients. For better health outcomes, caregivers and patients need to be equally diverse. Designing an E-Learning Application to Facilitate Health Care Professionals' Cross-Cultural Communication. The sessions were designed to move from the theoretical level to the practical level, and each session built upon the previous one. Background Culturally and linguistically diverse patients access healthcare services less than the host populations and are confronted with different barriers such as language barriers, legal restrictions or differences in health beliefs. Article According to Diversity Nursing, cultural skill is a measure of a nurses ability to collect relevant cultural data regarding the patients presenting problem and accurately perform a culturally specific assessment. Nurses who develop cultural skill can better gauge and respond to their patients health issues. Culturally competent healthcare - A scoping review of - PLOS Research Questions. J Adv Nurs. For instance, non-English-speaking patients getting mammograms or other technical procedures might hesitate to say they dont understand the technicians medical jargon. Cultural competence describes the ability to effectively interact with people belonging to different cultures. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Oxfordshire: Hachette UK; 2011. The site is secure. Find out how you can apply strategies for bridging the healthcare gap between diverse groups. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. J Cross-Cult Psychol. A motivated culturally competent nurse wants to engage with other cultures and learn from them. Another reason diversity improves patient care outcomes is that the presence of nurses who are culturally competent caregivers from diverse backgrounds increases the likelihood of accurate, empathic communication between patient and caregiver, lowering barriers to understanding and comfort level that can cause misunderstandings. differences in cultural values, such as individualism vs. collectivism, power distance or orientation in time) [19, 20]; (b) several research articles regarding cultural pain, differences in personal space, and the importance of considering the spiritual needs of foreign patients [21,22,23]; (c) knowledge obtained from different cultural experts such as a priest and personnel from the Centre for Torture Survivors in Finland; and (d) knowledge obtained from our previous interview study. Johnstone M, Kanitsaki O. Participants also noted their own responsibility in making improvements, and they stated they were enthusiastic to share the learned knowledge with their co-workers. Participants believed they would thus achieve a better understanding of different cultures and how these patients experience the Finnish healthcare services. Perceived educational needs related to gaining an understanding of patients experiences with the Finnish healthcare system, the need to share experiences with colleagues about cross-cultural care, and learning some culture-specific facts or guidelines that could help in everyday nursing practice. Dr. Gregory Knapik is an assistant professor of nursing at Notre Dame College (NDC) in South Euclid, Ohio. NurseJournal.org is an advertising-supported site. Cultural Religious Competence in Clinical Practice - PubMed She has seven years of nursing experience, which includes working at the Level II Trauma Center, community hospitals, mental health urgent care, and private practice. But a strong, multi-layered resume filled with leadership skills and experiential learning. The interviews lasted 3040min and were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for the analysis. Perceptions of family and community Perceptions of health and well-being and related practices Perceptions/beliefs regarding diet and nutrition Physical ability or limitations Political beliefs. They are so close to us, and the hospital environment, that they can be as blind as we might be in these matters. (i1, n4). Sometimes, you need to respect that your staff member is not up for being a spokesperson at all, that they currently cannot undertake the emotional effort of educating. Cultural competence is key to making those connections positive. 8600 Rockville Pike Their work experience in the healthcare field varied between 2 and 33years (average 14years). [1] When nurses and caregivers dont share a common language, using translators and interpreters is critical. BMC Nursing A description of the contents of the sessions is presented in Table1. Objective data, on the other hand, is based on the . 2011;31(4):40811. Updated February 3, 2023 A strong organizational culture can boost workplace productivity, collaboration and satisfactionbut, even with these well-researched and significant benefits, many professionals and leaders overlook the importance of culture within their own organization. It was also behind the sentences and cannot be explained with words. Qual Health Res. Are you dedicated to listening to others, understanding their viewpoints, and respecting their cultural backgrounds? These thoughts matched with traditional cultural competence education, which focuses on providing knowledge about common facts or the generalised behaviours of certain cultural groups [29]. In addition to respecting cultural differences, culturally competent nurses respect each patients uniqueness. We should try to learn from that. (i1, n4). An invitation to participate in the training was delivered to healthcare professionals in the hospital by the ward managers. Language barriers have a negative impact on healthcare outcomes and on the satisfaction of both patients and providers. "Working in a place that has people with different cultures, beliefs, genders, race, and ethnicity helps to foster an environment of belonging," Norman says. There is clearly an international need to pay attention to the cultural competence of healthcare professionals. Often, people of different cultures speak different languages, which can cause confusion for patients and caregivers who dont speak the same language. I realised that people rarely dare to speak up and discuss [things] as freely as we did. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Healthcare businesses benefit from fewer barriers and costs, increased efficiency, higher legal and regulatory compliance, and access to different ideas, perspectives, and strategies in decision making. of providing a holistic nursing assessment. Interviews with 25 Finnish healthcare professionals were conducted in order to examine the main challenges that such healthcare professionals (nurses, doctors and dentists) face when taking care of culturally diverse patients [24]. Over his teaching career, he has traveled to Central America many times with his students to learn cultural competency in a deep, immersive way. Cultural Respect | National Institutes of Health (NIH) I think that every patient must have a right to speak up, and the training gave me courage to stick with this principle and say, In here, we would like to hear [from] the patient alone, therefore, could you please give us a minute (i3, n1). At minimum, culturally competent nurses should: Nurses should also think about word choice when speaking with patients. In order to develop training that takes into account the context and involvement of key stakeholders, we utilised a wide range of sources in the development. - identifies patient beliefs, values and practices that could assist or interfere with nursing interventions. We discussed how we encounter individuals, but not about how we respect different religious customs. It is usually based on unwritten rules and attitudes that develop in a company over some time. It is possible that other healthcare professionals (such as physicians, physiotherapists and mental health specialists) can have different perspectives on cultural awareness. Quantitative Reason (QR) skills refer to students' ability to apply data and numerical evidence to theoretical questions. Importance of cultural competence in nursing. Finally, subcategories that had the same perspective were then grouped into five main categories (Table2). Would you like email updates of new search results? Correspondence to Increasing cultural awareness: qualitative study of nurses perceptions about cultural competence training, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-019-0363-x, http://www.tilastokeskus.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa_en.html, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. In this study, we examined the healthcare professionals perceptions of the content, utility and implementation of cultural competence training that focused on easing cross-cultural encounters by increasing nurses awareness of their own culture and cultural biases. Written informed consent to participate and permission for the audio recording of discussions were obtained from each participant prior to the interview. General utility pertains to the general approach that the training provided on cross-cultural care, the possibility to initiate an open discussion, and the opportunity to improve current practices. Trompenaars F, Hampden-Turner C. Riding the waves of culture: understanding diversity in global business: Nicholas Brealey Publishing. The following are five components to know and practice. Self-awareness: A tool for providing culturally competent care How to Practice Cultural Competence in Nursing - St. Catherine University We divided the participants perceptions of the training into three main categories: general utility, personal utility, and utility of the training for patients. 2017;1(1):439. 2014;32:1818. The training included 16h of face-to-face teaching, which was divided into four 4-h sessions and arranged for 4 weeks. PubMed 2017;16(1):32. Healthcare organisations are best viewed as comprising multiple subcultures, which may be driving forces for change or may undermine quality improvement initiatives. Campbell CM, Edwards RR. 2017;6(4):67580. Ethnic differences in pain and pain management. He holds a doctor of nursing (ND) from Case Western Reserve University as well as two advanced certifications in PMHCNS-BC and ANP-PC. Cultural assessment and care planning Culturally competent care adapts care to the patient's cultural needs and preferences and begins with a cultural assessment that forms the care plan's foundation. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 2014;5:CD009405. Nurses can develop cultural competence in different ways . It also calls for seeing patients through a lens of cultural understanding, always striving to recognize and respond to each patients differing language, customs, and beliefs.
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