Research is less clear on the effects of consuming these more concentrated sources of soy. Tofu. And if its OK to eat, why do some people say it isnt? Soy foods are a healthy source of protein, but get all the facts on their affect on your cancer risk. More than numbers: the power of graphs in meta-analysis, Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Mor, M. & Rutenberg, D. (2017). Tofu (bean curd), a popular food derived from soy, have long been a staple of Asian diets. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. This may be because the isoflavones can actually block the more potent natural estrogens in the blood. We included 6 studies published after 2006 that were not included in the previous meta-analysis by Qin et al. The shape of the funnel plots showed obvious asymmetry (S3 Fig), and the Egger test also showed significant publication bias (P = 0.013). After screening the titles and abstract, 2629 publications were excluded due to no relevant data, duplicates, reviews, case series, and the remaining 25 were considered as of potential values. "It's important to make sure you are getting all the nutrients your body needs. The current research does not support avoiding whole soy foods, even for cancer patients or survivors. Tofu can be helpful for several health concerns:Eating soy foods like tofu, edamame and soy milk has been linked to reduced risk of certain cancers including breast cancer, prostate cancer and gastric cancer. Publication bias was investigated by Beggs funnel plots [22] and the test of Egger [23]. But she advises against taking soy supplements which contain much higher isoflavone concentrations than food until more research is done. Tofu is an important source of protein for many vegetarians and vegans. "The protein (and amino acid) content will vary for each.". If you're looking for a protein-packed alternative to meat, soy may be a good choice for you. A 2009 study found that consuming soy foods . It can be helpful to think of soy products in three distinct categories: Current research supports including soy foods in the diet of cancer survivors and does not suggest harmful effects, even for those experiencing estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. Several clinical and experimental investigations have suggested that genistein, the predominant isoflavone in soy, has antioxidant properties that may inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Your gift will help make a tremendous difference. The overall OR of breast cancer for highest vs lowest intake of tofu was 0.78 (95% CI 0.690.88), with moderate heterogeneity (P = 0.011, I2 = 49.7%). Because natural soy foods contain isoflavones, similar to estrogen, some people fear that soy may raise their risk for certain cancers. For example, tofu can have a high calcium content depending on the coagulants used in manufacturing (e.g. Tofu and Breast Cancer . Many patients worry, however, that eating soy might be harmful if they have estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer. But some consumers shy away from them out of concern about hormones. While consensus on clinical guidelines for soy do not yet exist, many healthcare providers favor minimizing intake of soy protein powder supplements (soy protein isolate) in the diets of patients with hormone sensitive But rodents process soy differently from people, and the same results have not been seen in people. and transmitted securely. 2023 The University of Texas MD Anderson Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease, 3(6), 293300. Soybeans, soy nuts and edamame all contain fiber. Morimoto Y, Maskarinec G, Park SY, Ettienne R, Matsuno RK, Long C, et al. Department of Urology, No. Adding them to the diet can help, A variety of meat substitutes are available, including tofu, tempeh, and seitan. The bottom line is that soy foods like edamame, tofu Learn about our graduate medical education residency and fellowship opportunities. A prospective study of vegetarianism and isoflavone intake in relation to breast cancer risk in British women, Relationship between soy food intake and breast cancer in China, Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, Positive effects of soy isoflavone food on survival of breast cancer patients in China. However, the present meta-analysis was unable to assess risks by hormone receptor status because only one study provided stratified analysis for ER, which showed that soybean product intake was associated with a significantly decreased risk of ER-positive breast cancer, with odds ratios in the top tertile of intake of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.580.94), but the result were not significant in ER-negative breast cancer [43]. Tofu is a nutritious source of protein made from coagulated soy milk. Soft tofu works well in casseroles and soups. Also, doses of isoflavones in the animal studies are much higher than in humans. Is tofu good for breast cancer patient? Tofu is a soy-based food, and there is growing concern over a possible link between soy and breast cancer. Instead, there is growing evidence that regular soy intake may decrease breast cancer recurrence. In this article, we examine the benefits and possible risks of eating this popular plant. Soy contains something called phytoestrogens, which are the plant version of estrogen. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Jennifer Sellers They contain high level of isoflavones, which have been shown to suppress breast cancer cells in a large number of experimental studies [810]. Soy products originating in the U.S. are often genetically modified (GM). Dec 1998;9(6):553-557. Horn-Ross PL, John EM, Lee M, Stewart SL, Koo J, Sakoda LC, et al. First, despite the strong inverse association between tofu intake and risk of breast cancer, our finding was based on two cohort studies and a large number of case-control studies, suggesting that our conclusion depend mainly on the case-control studies. Baglia ML, Zheng W, Li H, Yang G, Gao J, Gao YT, et al. Losilla JM, Oliveras I, Marin-Garcia JA, Vives J. One study in rats has suggested that any type of tofu that has been curdled with various coagulants may help prevent liver damage caused by free radicals. Many plant-based foods contain iron, including lentils, beans, tofu, and blackstrap molasses. Can Soy Cause Breast Cancer? Tofu is used in many meat substitutes, such as tofu sausages and tofu burgers. Investigating the power of music for dementia. FOIA All rights reserved. In some animal studies, rodents that were exposed to high doses of compounds found in soy called isoflavones showed an increased risk of breast cancer. These results suggested that several low-quality studies may have led to a lower risk estimate, although the combined ORs were still significant in the subgroup analyses for high-quality studies. {currentyear} American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved. government site. For those who do include soy in their diet, additional questions about genetic modification (GMO) and conventional versus organic options sometimes arise. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. drawbacks. So far, the evidence does not point to any dangers from eating soy in people, and the health benefits appear to outweigh any potential risk. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement, Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. but did not cause cancer or the feminization of reproductive organs . If youre still uncomfortable adding whole soy foods to your diet, yet want to reduce how much animal protein you eat, try these common alternatives: beans, lentils, nuts and seeds," Levy says. However, it is unclear which soy foods are particularly beneficial for breast cancer prevention. Most studies looking at soy and breast health have focused on soy foods rather than soy supplements. It has been hypothesized that isoflavones protect against breast cancer through competitive binding to estrogen receptors. One research group found that treatment with soy isoflavones was linked to better performance in nonverbal memory, verbal fluency and other functions. The current research does not support avoiding whole soy foods, even for cancer patients or survivors, Levysays. If eating certain foods, like soy, gives you anxiety, skip them. This is true for women with estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer and all others. This article is based on reporting that features expert sources. Beggs funnel plot and Eggers test were used to evaluate the publication bias. If you still have concerns about a potential link between soy and cancer particularly if you're a breast cancer survivor talk to your doctor or oncologist before making any dietary changes. One serving of soy is equivalent to cup of edamame, 1 cup of soy milk or cup of tofu. Since soy isoflavones reduce breast cancer risk probably by binding to ERs, the benefit of tofu intake might be more pronounced among women with ER-positive breast cancer. Toxic chemicals: Banned in organics but common in "natural" food production. People with type 2 diabetes often experience kidney disease, causing the body to excrete an excessive amount of protein in the urine. Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. 2018 Jan 4;10(1 Zhang FF et al. Solid line represents the estimated odds ratios, and the dotted lines represent the 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analyses were carried out by study design, sources of the controls (in case-control studies), number of cases, geographical region, study quality, verification of breast cancer, menopausal status, and adjustment of the most important confounders. For example, high tofu intake is characteristic of diets high in fruits and vegetables, low fat intake and increased physical activity, which are associated with lower breast cancer risk, although individual studies have considered a wide range of potential confounders in their analyses except for the study by Wu et al. The ORs ranged from 0.76 (95% CI 0.660.86) when the study by Zaineddin et al. A diet that contains a variety of plant-based foods appears to contribute to overall health and wellbeing, and a lower risk of conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Does soy really affect breast cancer risk? In the present analysis, evidence mainly from case-control studies are supportive of a protective role of tofu intake against breast cancer. They have also been reported to reduce some other symptoms of menopause. Conflicting results have been produced, but there is evidence that consuming soy products that are rich in genistein may help reduce the frequency and severity of hot flashes. Those with asthma or hay fever may have a higher risk of an allergic reaction to soy. Soy and phytoestrogens: Possible side effects. Tofu: Health benefits, uses, and possible risks - Medical News Today Before the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. The key to good health is a healthful lifestyle, with a balanced and varied diet and regular exercise, rather than focusing on one dietary item. Phytoestrogens do not turn into estrogen when you eat them. Those with breast cancer should discuss the use of isoflavone . Dr. Brockway-Marchello shares what research tells us about soy and cancer, and how you can incorporate it into your diet whether or not you have cancer. A total of 14 studies (2 cohort studies, 12 case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. This is because soy contains estrogenic chemicals known as isoflavones. For example, tofu can have a high calcium content depending on the coagulants used in manufacturing (e.g. But taking soy by IV doesn't seem to reduce diarrhea in adults. It contains no cholesterol and is an excellent source of iron and calcium. Our body's estrogen is different from the type of estrogen found in soy, which is called phytoestrogren. Tofu is a staple of vegetarianism. Six Plan-ahead Tips to Eat Smarter This Holiday Season, Making and Keeping New Years Resolutions, Making Strides Against Breast Cancer Walks, Volunteer Opportunities for Organizations, Making Strides Against Breast Cancer Walk, Featured: Making Strides Against Breast Cancer, Center for Diversity in Cancer Research (DICR) Training. The pooled OR of breast cancer risk per 10 g/day increment in tofu intake was 0.90 (95% CI 0.870.93), which means there was a 10% (95% CI 7%13%) decrease of risk of breast cancer for an increase of 10 g tofu intake per day. Referrals to patient-related programs or resources, Donations, website, or event-related assistance. To avoid incorporating duplicated information, multiple publications from the same author or institution were seriously scrutinized, the study with the largest number of cases was included. 10. One of the most common reasons for going vegan is to prevent breast cancer. According to the Mayo Clinic, a soy allergy is fairly common and can be extremely serious. Nishio K, Niwa Y, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi K, Kondo T, Yatsuya H, et al. But, remember that a processed soy nugget is just thatprocessed food. Zaineddin AK, Buck K, Vrieling A, Heinz J, Flesch-Janys D, Linseisen J, et al. In fact, there is growing evidence that eating traditional soy foods such as tofu, tempeh, edamame, miso, and soymilk may lower the risk of breast cancer, especially among Asian women. Other dietary sources include kudzu root and potato beans. Penelitian pada hewan menunjukkan bahwa saponin dapat meningkatkan kolesterol darah dan meningkatkan pembuangan asam empedu. There has also been speculation that soy might help protect against other cancers, like uterine and prostate. frozen veggie burgers and vegetarian/vegan meat alternatives. The effect was stronger in some men than others, making it unclear whether genetics or metabolism made a difference in lowering PSA levels. In summary, our findings suggest an inverse dose-response association between tofu intake and risk of breast cancer. Dietary isoflavone intake is not statistically significantly associated with breast cancer risk in the Multiethnic Cohort. Witte JS, Ursin G, Siemiatycki J, Thompson WD, Paganini-Hill A, Haile RW. Soy foods are safe for patients with cancer. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies References cited in the included studies were also hand-searched for possible inclusions. But what is soy and can it increase or decrease cancer risks? Based on this data, the United States Department of Health and Human Services has allowed products containing soy to claim that soy protein might reduce the risk for heart disease (5). Association between Dietary Isoflavones in Soy and Legumes and Endometrial Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. You may request a. Phytoestrogens are structurally different and significantly weaker than human estrogen. Breast Cancer. So doesn't it stand to reason that tofu can also help prevent cancer or, at the very least, not cause it? Our expert offers tips to help you avoid social or casual smoking, so youll live a longer, healthier life. Tofu is a versatile ingredient with many health benefits. Studies have suggested that diets rich in soy can reduce cholesterol and improve kidney function (4). Soy and soy products such as miso, tempeh, and tofu contain the highest concentrations of isoflavones. The take home message regarding soy and cancer is that eating tofu stir-fry, an edamame appetizer or having unsweetened soy milk as a replacement for dairy is safe for cancer survivors. Cancer. However, associations were only significant in high soy-consuming Asian populations, and no significant associations were found in low soy-consuming Western populations [12]. Tofu mengurangi risiko kanker. Our personalized portal helps you refer your patients and communicate with their MD Anderson care team. Genistein and cancer: Current status, challenges, and future directions. Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Winters S, Martin C, Murphy D, Shokar NK. However, overconsumption may also present some risks. Cancer patients do not need to eliminate all sources of soy food from their diet. Undeniably, soy is a crop that undergoes genetic modification in U.S. agriculture. Quit social smoking to reduce cancer risk. Consuming tofu as an alternative to animal protein can help lower levels of LDL cholesterol. Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORE) Grants, Prevention & Personalized Risk Assessment, MD Anderson UTHealth Houston Graduate School, Continuing Education & Professional Development, Continuing Professional Education/Conferences, Cancer Survivorship Professional Education, Comparative Effectiveness Training (CERTaIN). The reason we're using tofu is because when you freeze it, it will stay cold a lot longer than a block of ice would, and the reason we want frozen tofu in the case of brain tumors is cold causes blood to flush away. Soy foods are excellent sources of protein, especially when they replace other, less healthy foods such as animal fats and red or processed meats. This finding is consistent with the results from the previous meta-analysis by Qin et al. American Heart Association. It depends who you ask. Featured: Have cancer and want to quit smoking? Soy foods have been linked to lower rates of heart disease and may even help lower cholesterol. Does Soy Cause Cancer? | Moffitt | Moffitt At the same time soy sauce and soybean oil have other nutritional Our patients depend on blood and platelet donations. It may offer relief for certain symptoms of. Soy may raise risk of advanced prostate cancer - Medical News Today Age, age at menarche, parity, oral contraceptive use, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and energy. milk. However, the evidence is not yet strong enough to recommend soy to all breast cancer survivors. What Is Tofu? Soy Protein, Serving Size, When to Avoid - Verywell Health The association between dietary lignans, phytoestrogen-rich foods, and fiber intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk: a German case-control study, Soyfood intake in the prevention of breast cancer risk in women: a meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies, Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology. Many patients worry, however, that eating soy might be harmful if they have estrogen-receptor calcium chloride, calcium sulfate), and calcium may serve as a potential regulator in breast cancer cell proliferation .
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