Stone Town, Zanzibar Island Photo: Tanzania Tourist Board Kalambo Falls in the southwestern region of Rukwa is the second highest uninterrupted waterfall in Africa, and is located near the southeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika on the border with Zambia. [76]:page 1253 Approximately 12 per cent of Tanzanians used the internet as of 2011[update], though this number is growing rapidly. The places of worship in the city are predominantly Muslim mosques. [166] The electrical supply varies, particularly when droughts disrupt hydropower electric generation; rolling blackouts are implemented as necessary. Changuu - Wikipedia National Bureau of Statistics Tanzania (web). [91]: 75, Tanzania's legal system is based on English common law. The variety of soils in mainland Tanzania surpasses that of any other country in Africa. Location: Tanzania, East Africa, Africa; View on OpenStreetMap; Latitude of center-5.6433 or 5 38' 36" south. Explore Africa's untouched wildernesses on foot. There are significant regional differences, with the best performing utilities being Arusha, Moshi, and Tanga. Zanj - Wikipedia Economic, social, and religious power was increasingly vested in Kilwa, Tanzania's major medieval city-state. The Zanzibar Archipelago, located in the Indian Ocean 15 miles off the coast of Tanzania, is a breathtaking spot to escape from the world. [226], More than 100 languages are spoken in Tanzania, making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa. [91]: 66(1) The Tanzania Electoral Commission demarcates the mainland into constituencies in the number determined by the commission with the consent of the president. ", "UNICEF TanzaniaNutritionThe situation", "Tanzania Assessment for Scaling Up Nutrition", "Survey finds most Tanzanians go hungry, despite government denials", "Addressing the mismatch between food and nutrition policies and needs in Tanzania", "Nutrition | Tanzania | Save the Children", United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100", "Report reveals rapid rural -urban migration", "Tanzania orders Chinese out of Dar es Salaam market", "Tanzanian witch doctors arrested over albino killing", "UN's Navi Pillay condemns Tanzania attacks on albinos", "Report: Scores of albinos in hiding after attacks", "Albino teen attacked for her body parts CNN Video", Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2010, "Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa", "Researching and Documenting the Languages of Tanzania", "Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years (both sexes, female, male)", "2013 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor", "United Republic of Tanzania: Health Profile", "Focus on Mainland Tanzania", Roll Back Malaria Progress & Impact Series, The Roll Back Malaria Partnership, January 2012, accessed 19 October 2014, "Global Health Observatory Data Repository", "Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention, Seventh and eighth periodic reports of States parties due in 2014: United Republic of Tanzania", "Matumizi ya Mbinu ya Usimulizi katika Kuibua Dhamira ya Ukombozi wa Kisiasa Kusini mwa Afrika: Uchunguzi wa Nyimbo Teule za Muziki wa Dansi nchini Tanzania 1940-1990", "From the margins to the mainstream: making and remaking an alternative music economy in Dar es Salaam", "Hip-Hop and Bongo Flavour Music in Contemporary Tanzania: Youths' Experiences, Agency, Aspirations and Contradictions", "Hooligans and heroes: Youth identity and hip-hop in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania", "Saleh J Tanzanian Swahili rap pioneer", "United States Navy Ceremonial Music and National Anthems", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tanzania&oldid=1162065294, This page was last edited on 26 June 2023, at 20:03. The coral island is approximately 0.3 kilometers long and 0.1 kilometers wide and covers about 0.03 square kilometers. Zanzibar. [67], The presidents of Tanzania since Independence have been Julius Nyerere 19621985, Ali Hassan Mwinyi 19851995, Benjamin Mkapa 19952005 Jakaya Kikwete 20052015 John Magufuli 20152021 and Samia Hassan Suluhu since 2021. The constitution of Zanzibar requires the party that comes in second in the polls to join a coalition with the winning party. [95], In November 2020, Magufuli once again was declared the winner for his second term as president. Election fraud was suspected. It is surrounded by several other smaller islands, including Chole Island. Religious belonging is often ambiguous, with some people adhering to multiple religious identities at the same time (for instance being Christian but also following African traditional rituals) something which suggests that religious boundaries are flexible and contextual. [147] The vast majority of tourists visit Zanzibar or a "northern circuit" of Serengeti National Park, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tarangire National Park, Lake Manyara National Park, and Mount Kilimanjaro. A trip to Mnemba Island off the coast of Zanzibar in Tanzania - Lonely [223] Among the Protestants, the large number of Lutherans and Moravians points to the German missionary past of the country, while the number of Anglicans point to the British missionary history of Tanganyika. Predators include hyenas, wild dogs, and the big catslions, leopards, and cheetahs. In 1877, responding to appeals of Henry Stanley following his trans-Africa expedition, and permission being given to Stanley by King Mutessa I of Buganda of Buganda, the Church Missionary Society sent missionaries Edward Baxter and Henry Cole to establish inland missions. 7 days 2 locations Pemba Island, commonly referred to as The Green Island, is the archipelagos second-largest island, covering 988 square kilometers. (2012) 223,033. Zanzibar: Where To Go And What To Do - Tanzania Tourist Board Zanzibar Stone Town Maps 2. On that date, the GEA was transferred officially to Britain, Belgium, and Portugal. [70], John Magufuli won the October 2015 presidential election and secured a two-thirds majority in parliament. Unguja is home to 896,700 people. The Police Force administration strives to separate the Gender Desks from normal police operations to enhance confidentiality of the processing of women victims of abuse. Many river basins also have fertile soils, but they are subject to flooding and require drainage control. DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT TO DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT. [256] Only the 4 Tanzanian genres were permitted to be recorded or broadcast, which at the time was ngoma, taarab, kwaya and dansi. This changed on 1 July 1992, when the constitution was amended. DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT TO DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT. The islands economy is based on agriculture, tourism, and fishing. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; the Indian Ocean to the east; Mozambique and Malawi to the south; Zambia to the southwest; and Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. The average annual rainfall is 1,512mm (59.5in). Kilwa controlled a number of smaller ports stretching down to modern-day Mozambique. [143], In December 2019, Amnesty International reported that the Tanzanian government annulled the right of NGOs as well as individuals to directly file any case against it at the Arusha-based African Court for Human and Peoples' Rights. The Zanzibar Archipelago, located in the Indian Ocean 15 miles off the coast of Tanzania, is a breathtaking spot to escape from the world. Learn how to create your own. Author of, Research Fellow, African Studies Centre, State University of Leiden, The Netherlands. Conscript service obligation was 2 years as of 2004. [12]:page 17 Based on linguistic evidence, there may also have been two movements into Tanzania of Eastern Cushitic people at about 4,000 and 2,000 years ago, originating from north of Lake Turkana. Approximately 70% of the population is rural, although this percentage has been declining since at least 1967. Expert Africa. Since independence, the rate of child deaths has declined to 62 per 1000 births. [64] Nonetheless, from the late 1970s, Tanzania's economy took a turn for the worse, in the context of an international economic crisis affecting both developed and developing economies. 32 per cent of the population are malnourished. [240] The maternal mortality rate in 2013 was estimated at 410 per 100,000 live births. Swamps are found in areas of perennial flooding. 2023 The Tanzanian national anthem is "Mungu Ibariki Africa" (God Bless Africa). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In the late 17th century, it came under the control of the Omani Arabs, who developed into the major centre of the East African ivory and slave trade. [51], During World War II, about 100,000 people from Tanganyika joined the Allied forces[52] and were among the 375,000 Africans who fought with those forces. [112]:page 6. [14] Tanganyika joined the British Commonwealth and Tanzania remains a member of the Commonwealth as a unified republic. [220] Tanzania's religious field is dominated by Christianity and Islam as well as of different African traditional religions connected to ethnic customs. Although Tanzania has no big rivers, it forms the divide from which the three great rivers of the African continent risethe Nile, the Congo, and the Zambezi, which flow to the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Indian Ocean, respectively. Alongside this, various sectors associated with nutrition are targeted such as agriculture, water, sanitation, education, economic development and social progress. [183], The government of Tanzania has embarked on a major sector reform process since 2002. Experience the drama of the great migration, then chill on a palm-shaded beach. [59][60] On 29 October of the same year, the country was renamed the United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" comes from Tanganyika and "Zan" from Zanzibar). [129], The African Union consists of 55 nations in Africa. Tanzania's population is composed of about 120 ethnic,[20] linguistic, and religious groups. [99] On the mainland, appeal is to either the District Courts or the Resident Magistrates Courts. It remained only a small port until the . [253] Three recent influence on bongo flava are Afropop in the 2010s, as well as amapiano from South Africa and singeli from Tanzania, both since 2020. [210]:page 69 The greatest part of Tanzania's recorded oral literature is in Swahili, even though each of the country's languages has its own oral tradition. [100]: 55(3),64,67(1) The House determines the number of its elected members[100]: 120(2) with the Zanzibar Electoral Commission determining the boundaries of each election constituency. [101] The High Court of Zanzibar has an industrial division, which hears only labour disputes. Nor are they taught as a subject, though they might be used unofficially in some cases in initial education. [12][13], In the late 19th century the mainland came under German rule as German East Africa, and this was followed by British rule after World War I when it was governed as Tanganyika, with the Zanzibar Archipelago remaining a separate colonial jurisdiction. [112], The urban units have an autonomous city, municipal, or town council and are subdivided into wards and mtaa. [99] In Zanzibar, the lowest-level courts are the Kadhi's Courts for Islamic family matters and the Primary Courts for all other cases. Zanzibar Island 2023: Best Places to Visit - Tripadvisor [112] The under-15 age group represented 44.1% of the population. [2] The town was founded by Majid bin Said, the first Sultan of Zanzibar, in 1865 or 1866. [192], Tanzania remains heavily agricultural, with 80% of the total population engaging in subsistence farming. The latinization Zingium serves as an archaic . In western Tanzania, Gombe Stream National Park is the site of Jane Goodall's ongoing study of chimpanzee behaviour, which started in 1960. Reference Map Google Map Our map of Zanzibar This a sketch map of Zanzibar - showing its key road arteries, national parks, towns, and areas of interest for visitors. [47] The Supreme Council of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference awarded all of GEA to Britain on 7 May 1919, over the strenuous objections of Belgium. Updates? Climate varies greatly within Tanzania. ACT-Wazalendo joined a coalition government with the islands' ruling party Chama Cha Mapinduzi in December 2020 after Zanzibar disputed elections. Lake Victoria, which ranks as the worlds second largest freshwater lake, is not part of the Rift System. Nyerere became Minister of British-administered Tanganyika in 1960 and continued as prime minister when Tanganyika became independent in 1961. [125][126], The United Nations has a large current and historical presence in Tanzania and acts as an important partner in itself, and associated IGOs and NGOs, in many functions in the country, as well as functions based in Tanzania and implemented throughout the Great Lakes and Africa as a whole. Make an enquiry, 4,300likes on Facebook [49]:6123 On 12 July 1919, the Commission on Mandates agreed that the small Kionga Triangle south of the Rovuma River would be given to Portuguese Mozambique,[48]:243 with it eventually becoming part of independent Mozambique. DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT TO DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT. [209] The Sukuma, Nyamwezi, Chagga, and Haya peoples each have a population exceeding 1 million. Following the rise of Homo erectus 1.8million years ago, humanity spread all over the Old World, and later in the New World and Australia under the species Homo sapiens. Here are 12 great Zanzibar holidays to inspire you. [222], Within the Christian community the Catholic Church is the largest group (51% all Christians). [111] In 2012, the thirty former regions were divided into 169 districts (wilaya), also known as local government authorities. [149]:page 15 The proportion of persons who were undernourished in 201012 was also worse than any other EAC country except Burundi. These "Feed the Future" programmes heavily invest in nutrition, infrastructure, policy, capacity of institutions and agriculture which is identified by the organisation as a key area of economic growth in the country. With its pristin." ZANZIBAR ISLAND on Instagram: "Zanzibar is a beautiful island located off the coast of Tanzania in East Africa. 0followers on Twitter [91]: 3 It has held power since independence in 1961, and is the longest-serving ruling party in Africa. The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar's largest marine protected area. The discrepancies are so large that it is hard to avoid the conclusion that the government is lying. However, the war severely damaged Tanzania's economy. 12 days 5 locations Tanzania, East African country situated just south of the Equator. Tanzania (/tnzni/;[8][9][b] Swahili:[tanzani.a]), officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Swahili: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [14] Of Muslims, 16% are Ahmadiyya, 20% are non-denominational Muslims, 40% are Sunni, 20 per cent are Shia, and 4% are Sufi. [122], New Foreign Policy of 2001, which is still used today, has a foundation of 7 principles; sovereignty, liberalism, good neighborliness, African unity, non-alignment, economic diplomacy, and global cooperation for economic development and peace. There are two rain seasons, with most rainfall coming between March and May and smaller rain season coming between November and December. Swahili agriculturalists built increasingly dense settlements to tap into trade, these forming the earliest Swahili city-states. Zanzibar City is the largest city in Zanzibar and also the capital of the small islands that surround Tanzania.. [147] Its imports totalled US$8.17billion, with India, Switzerland, Saudi Arabia, China, and the United Arab Emirates being the biggest partners. [29] It consists of the first three letters of the names of the two states ("Tan" and "Zan") and the suffix, "ia" to form Tanzania. [104], Public safety and border control is the responsibility of the Tanzania Police Force. Tanzania has two major rainfall periods: one is uni-modal (OctoberApril) and the other is bi-modal (OctoberDecember and MarchMay). A MC performs over fast tempo taarab music, often at between 200 and 300 beats per minute (BPM) while females dance. Pop. [91]: 42(2) The vice-president is elected for a five-year term at the same time as the president and on the same ticket. [2] The district is comparable in size to the land area of Nauru. One of the best is the new Emerald Zanzibar Resort & Spa on Muyuni Beach in Matemwe with 250 suites, four restaurants, its own beach, protected reef, and spectacular pool area. Zanzibar, Swahili Unguja, city and port of the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania. [189] 10 regions house 58% of children suffering from stunted growth while 50% of acutely malnourished children can be found in 5 regions. Extending from the northern coast, the Usambara and Pare mountain chains run in a southeast-to-northwest direction, culminating in Kilimanjaros lofty snow-clad peak and continuing beyond to Mount Meru (14,978 feet [4,565 metres]). To see the surrounding objects, drag the . Updates? Google Map of Zanzibar, Tanzania - Nations Online Project Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the northeast, where Mount Kilimanjaro is located. [245][246] Singeli has since the mid-2000s been an unofficial music of uswahilini, unplanned communities in Dar es Salaam, and is the newest mainstream genre since 2020. (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46. Tanzania has a popular film industry known as "Bongo Movie". [233], The Sandawe people speak a language that may be related to the Khoe languages of Botswana and Namibia, while the language of the Hadzabe people, although it has similar click consonants, is arguably a language isolate. [209] The majority of Tanzanians, including the Sukuma and the Nyamwezi, are Bantu. [99], The High Court of mainland Tanzania has three divisions commercial, labour, and land[99] and 15 geographic zones. [124] Additionally, due to the strength of Tanzania's non-alignment, unity and internal peace since independence, Tanzania frequently acts as a mediator and location of treaties and agreements between other nations, such as the Arusha Agreement with Europe, as well as the Arusha Accords with Rwanda (1993) and Burundi (2000). [168] This pipeline was expected to allow the country to double its electricity generation capacity to 3,000 megawatts by 2016. The island's principal port and commercial centre, it is on the western side of the island behind a well-protected natural deepwater harbour. [153] Low rural sector productivity arises mainly from inadequate infrastructure investment; limited access to farm inputs, extension services and credit; limited technology as well as trade and marketing support; and heavy dependence on rain-fed agriculture and natural resources. The first phase began in April 2012, and it was completed in December 2015 and launched operations in May 2016. It has kiswahili lyrics adapted for "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" composed by South African composer Enoch Sontonga in 1897. [175], Travel and tourism contributed 17.5 per cent of Tanzania's gross domestic product in 2016[176] and employed 11.0 per cent of the country's labour force (1,189,300 jobs) in 2013. In areas of less precipitation, bushland and thicket are found. The islands are separated from mainland Tanzania by Pemba Channel, Zanzibar Channel, and the Mafia Channel. Dodoma, since 1974 the designated official capital of Tanzania, is centrally located on the mainland. In 1592, the first English ship arrived in port. KILIMANJARO AIRPORT TO DAR ES SALAAM AIRPORT. [56]:page 58 Sugar was the largest cash crop on the mainland in 2013 (296,679 tonnes), followed by cotton (241,198 tonnes), cashew nuts (126,000 tonnes), tobacco (86,877 tonnes), coffee (48,000 tonnes), sisal (37,368 tonnes), and tea (32,422 tonnes). [210]:p. 113[263]:p. 17 After Tingatinga's death in 1972, other artists adopted and developed his style, with the genre now being the most important tourist-oriented style in East Africa. Zanzibar - Google My Maps Stone Town - Wikipedia Zanzibar, Swahili Unguja, island in the Indian Ocean, lying 22 miles (35 km) off the coast of east-central Africa. [11], Many important hominid fossils have been found in Tanzania, such as 6-million-year-old Pliocene hominid fossils. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. [56]:page 6, After the Zanzibar Revolution overthrew the Arab dynasty in neighbouring Zanzibar, accompanied with the slaughter of thousands of Arab Zanzibaris,[57] which had become independent in 1963, the archipelago merged with mainland Tanganyika on 26 April 1964. Tanzania's literary culture is primarily oral. Tanganyika | historical state, Tanzania | Britannica Lines open now. In 2019 Twiga sold 6% more cement by volume than it did in 2018. [244] [211], The population also includes people of Arab and Indian origin, and small European and Chinese communities. [250][252] Taarab is sung Kiswahili poetry accompanied by a band, typically string, in which audience is often, but not always, encouraged to dance and clap. Sea level rise and changes in the quality of water are expected to impact fisheries and aquaculture. One of the most famous beaches in Zanzibar is Nungwi, located . Cambridge University Press. [154], The 2019 World Bank report showed that in the last 10 years, poverty has reduced by 8 percentage points, from 34.4% in 2007 to 26.4% in 2018. In some areas where food shortages are common, such as in the Tabora and Singida regions, stunting instances remain comparatively less than those seen in Iringa, Mbeya and Rukwa. In these regions, high temperatures and low rainfall encourage rapid rates of oxidation, which result in a low humus content in the soil and, consequently, a clayey texture rather than the desired crumblike structure of temperate soils. The country has banned witch doctors to try to prevent the practice, but it has continued and albinos remain targets. Stone Town got its name from the interesting architecture and unique culture that fills the streets. In 2012 its population was 223,033.[4]. [113][114] The city of Mwanza has a city council whose areal jurisdiction overlaps two municipal councils. Decentralisation has meant that responsibility for water and sanitation service provision has shifted to local government authorities and is carried out by 20 urban utilities and about 100 district utilities, as well as by Community Owned Water Supply Organisations in rural areas. Stonetown of Zanzibar (Arabic: , romanized: madnat Zanjibr al-ajariyya), also known as Mji Mkongwe (Swahili for 'old town'), is the old part of Zanzibar City, the main city of Zanzibar, in Tanzania.The newer portion of the city is known as Ng'ambo, Swahili for 'the other side'.Stone Town is located on the western coast of Unguja, the main island of . Because of its numerous lakes, approximately 22,800 square miles (59,000 square km) of Tanzanias territory consists of inland water. Zanzibars port is still a major exporter of cloves, coconuts, citrus fruits, and other tropical products. The Olduvai Gorge, in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, features a collection with remnants of tools that document the development and use of transitional technology. [14] The union of the two hitherto separate regions was controversial among many Zanzibaris (even those sympathetic to the revolution) but was accepted by both the Nyerere government and the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar owing to shared political values and goals. The average temperature in Zanzibar City is 26.9C (80.4F). [76]:page 1252 Rail travel in Tanzania often entails slow journeys with frequent cancellations or delays, and the railways have a deficient safety record. [102], Mainland and union judges are appointed by the Chief Justice of Tanzania,[103] except for those of the Court of Appeal and the High Court, who are appointed by the president of Tanzania. Zanzibar Map - Tanzania - Mapcarta Kilwa remained the major power in East Africa until the arrival of the Portuguese at the end of the 15th century. [192] This disparity between rural and city nutrition can be attributed to various factors; increased nutritional needs due to manual labour, more limited access to food as a result of poor infrastructure, high-susceptibility to the damaging effects of nature and the "Agricultural Productivity Gap". 1. [196] Pregnant women and mothers to children under 2 have access to the Mother and Child Health and Nutrition Programme's "Super Cereal" which is supplied with the intent of reducing stunting in children. [97], All legislative power relating to mainland Tanzania and union matters is vested in the National Assembly,[91]: 64(1) which is unicameral and has a maximum of 357 members. Central Tanzania is a large plateau, with plains and arable land. Omissions? Gabrielle Union's new docuseries, available on BET+ now, took her to Ghana, Namibia, South Africa, and Tanzania. [142] Tanzania has the highest occurrence of this human rights violation among 27 African countries where muti is known to be practised. The central plateau, covering more than a third of the country, lies between the two branches. [120][121] The current New Foreign Policy of 2001 was established to better address the end of colonialism and the cold war, globalization, market economics and liberalization, and the multi-party state of Tanzania. It is located on the west coast of Unguja, the main island of the Zanzibar Archipelago, north of the much larger city of Dar es Salaam across the Zanzibar Channel. [9] The city was a high place of slavery, one of the main ports of East Africa for the slave trade. [56]:page 6 Tanganyika also joined the British Commonwealth in 1961. In the mid-1920s, the British implemented a system of indirect rule in Tanzania. The rest of the country has temperatures rarely falling lower than 20C (68F). Separated by the central plateau, the watersheds of these rivers do not meet. Dodoma, on the other hand, saw a 7% increase in the prevalence of stunting in this age group, rising from 50% in 2005 to 57% in 2010. The main islands are surrounded by numerous islets. It conststs of the main Zanzibar island and a group of much smaller ones. And why has bank lending to companies slumped? Tanzania's revised science policy was published in 2010. Professor Emeritus of History, University of Bristol, Eng. [195], Programmes led by the World Food Programme operate within Tanzania. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. This type of town developed on the coast of East Africa, further expanded under Arab, Indian, and European influences, but retained its indigenous elements, to form an . [224] All of them have had some influence in varying degrees from the Walokole movement (East African Revival), which has also been fertile ground for the spread of charismatic and Pentecostal groups.
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