The British architect David Adjaye, the American designer David Small and a number of other artists have contributed to making the center an exciting reason to visit Oslo. In Sweden, however, Nobel's will triggered a lengthy legal battle with parts of the Nobel family. The youngest recipient of a Nobel Peace Prize. The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section. Democratic Republic of the Congo and Iraq. [3] He donated the prize money, valued at $54,600, to the civil rights movement. They have for many years promoted the right to criticise power and protect the fundamental rights of citizens. About the Nobel Peace Prize In 1890 he began to issue an annual almanac Readmore, The Nobel Prize in Literature 1907 was awarded to Rudyard Kipling "in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, Readmore, Klas Pontus Arnoldson (27 October 1844 20 February 1916) was a Swedish author, journalist, politician, and committed pacifist who received the Readmore, On December 17, 1908, Willard Frank "Wild Bill" Libby was born on a farm in Grand Valley, Colorado. ", "for his efforts to secure and develop human rights throughout the world", "for his contribution to stabilize conditions in the Pacific rim area and for signing the, "for his struggle for human rights in the, "for the courageous efforts in founding a movement to put an end to the, "for worldwide respect for human rights. ", "The Peace Prize laureates represent civil society in their home countries. ", "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. Ill. Niklas Elmehed Nobel Prize Outreach, To cite this section Photo: Johannes Granseth/Nobel Peace Center. The 2022 Peace Prize is awarded to human rights advocate Ales Bialiatski from Belarus, the Russian human rights organisation Memorial and the Ukrainian human rights organisation Center for Civil Liberties. During the Nobel days in December a number of events mark the occasion. International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), International Labour Organization (I.L.O. For more than a century, these academic institutions have worked independently to select Nobel Prize laureates. Tasked with a mission to manage Alfred Nobel's fortune and hasultimate responsibility for fulfilling the intentions of Nobel's will. He was one of the world's Readmore, Fridtjof Wedel-Jarlsberg Nansen (10 October 1861 13 May 1930) was a Norwegian explorer, scientist and diplomat. The Nobel Institute and Library is open to the public. ", The first woman to receive a Nobel Peace Prize was. Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani education advocate who, at the age of 17 in 2014, became the youngest person. The 2020 Winners Physiology or Medicine Harvey Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles Rice shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ", "for his crucial role in bringing about the, "for their crucial role in bringing about the, "for their contribution to the emergence in France and Germany of a public opinion which favours peaceful international cooperation. Tue. According to the will the Nobel Peace Prize was to be awarded to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between the nations and the abolition or reduction of standing armies and the formation and spreading of peace congresses.. Since 1901 the Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded 103 times, to 137 laureates: 92 men, 18 women and 27 organizations. ", "for her struggle for social justice and ethno-cultural reconciliation based on respect for the rights of indigenous peoples. United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) for its effort to enhance solidarity between nations and reduce the difference between rich and poor states, Martin Luther King Jr. for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population, Comit international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) and Ligue des Socits de la Croix-Rouge (League of Red Cross Societies) for promoting the principles of the Geneva Convention and cooperation with the UN, Linus Carl Pauling for his fight against the nuclear arms race between East and West, Dag Hammarskjld for developing the UN into an effective and constructive international organization, capable of giving life to the principles and aims expressed in the UN Charter, Albert John Lutuli for his non-violent struggle against apartheid, Philip J. Noel-Baker for his longstanding contribution to the cause of disarmament and peace, Georges Pire for his efforts to help refugees to leave their camps and return to a life of freedom and dignity, Lester Bowles Pearson for his crucial contribution to the deployment of a United Nations Emergency Force in the wake of the Suez Crisis, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for its efforts to heal the wounds of war by providing help and protection to refugees all over the world, George Catlett Marshall for proposing and supervising the plan for the economic recovery of Europe, Albert Schweitzer for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one, Lon Jouhaux for having devoted his life to the fight against war through the promotion of social justice and brotherhood among men and nations, Ralph Bunche for his work as mediator in Palestine in 1948-1949, Lord (John) Boyd Orr of Brechin for his lifelong effort to conquer hunger and want, thereby helping to remove a major cause of military conflict and war, Friends Service Council (The Quakers) and American Friends Service Committee (The Quakers) for their pioneering work in the international peace movement and compassionate effort to relieve human suffering, thereby promoting the fraternity between nations, Emily Greene Balch for her lifelong work for the cause of peace and John Raleigh Mott for his contribution to the creation of a peace-promoting religious brotherhood across national boundaries, Cordell Hull for his indefatigable work for international understanding and his pivotal role in establishing the United Nations, Comit international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) for the great work it has performed during the war on behalf of humanity, Office international Nansen pour les Rfugis (Nansen International Office for Refugees) for having carried on the work of Fridtjof Nansen to the benefit of refugees across Europe, Cecil of Chelwood, Viscount (Lord Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne Cecil) for his tireless effort in support of the League of Nations, disarmament and peace, Carlos Saavedra Lamas for his role as father of the Argentine Antiwar Pact of 1933, which he also used as a means to mediate peace between Paraguay and Bolivia in 1935, Carl von Ossietzky for his burning love for freedom of thought and expression and his valuable contribution to the cause of peace, Arthur Henderson for his untiring struggle and his courageous efforts as Chairman of the League of Nations Disarmament Conference 1931-34, Sir Norman Angell (Ralph Lane) for having exposed by his pen the illusion of war and presented a convincing plea for international cooperation and peace, Jane Addams and Nicholas Murray Butler for their assiduous effort to revive the ideal of peace and to rekindle the spirit of peace in their own nation and in the whole of mankind, Lars Olof Jonathan (Nathan) Sderblom for promoting Christian unity and helping create that new attitude of mind which is necessary if peace between nations is to become reality', Frank Billings Kellogg for his crucial role in bringing about the Briand-Kellogg Pact, Ferdinand Buisson and Ludwig Quidde for their contribution to the emergence in France and Germany of a public opinion which favours peaceful international cooperation, Aristide Briand and Gustav Stresemann for their crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty, Sir Austen Chamberlain for his crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty and Charles Gates Dawes for his crucial role in bringing about the Dawes Plan, Fridtjof Nansen for his leading role in the repatriation of prisoners of war, in international relief work and as the League of Nations High Commissioner for refugees, Karl Hjalmar Branting and Christian Lous Lange for their lifelong contributions to the cause of peace and organized internationalism, Lon Victor Auguste Bourgeois for his longstanding contribution to the cause of peace and justice and his prominent role in the establishment of the League of Nations, Thomas Woodrow Wilson for his role as founder of the League of Nations, Comit international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) for the efforts to take care of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war and their families, Henri La Fontaine for his unparalleled contribution to the organization of peaceful internationalism, Elihu Root for bringing about better understanding between the countries of North and South America and initiating important arbitration agreements between the United States and other countries, Tobias Michael Carel Asser for his role as co-founder of the Institut de droit international, initiator of the Conferences on International Private Law (Confrences de Droit international priv) at the Hague, and pioneer in the field of international legal relations and Alfred Hermann Fried for his effort to expose and fight what he considers to be the main cause of war, namely, the anarchy in international relations, Bureau international permanent de la Paix (Permanent International Peace Bureau) for acting as a link between the peace societies of the various countries, and helping them to organize the world rallies of the international peace movement, Auguste Marie Franois Beernaert and Paul Henri Benjamin Balluet dEstournelles de Constant, Baron de Constant de Rebecque for their prominent position in the international movement for peace and arbitration, Klas Pontus Arnoldson and Fredrik Bajer for their long time work for the cause of peace as politicians, peace society leaders, orators and authors, Ernesto Teodoro Moneta for his work in the press and in peace meetings, both public and private, for an understanding between France and Italy and Louis Renault for his decisive influence upon the conduct and outcome of the Hague and Geneva Conferences, Theodore Roosevelt for his role in bringing to an end the bloody war recently waged between two of the worlds great powers, Japan and Russia, Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicita von Suttner, ne Countess Kinsky von Chinic und Tettau for her audacity to oppose the horrors of war, Institut de droit international (Institute of International Law) for its striving in public law to develop peaceful ties between nations and to make the laws of war more humane, William Randal Cremer for his longstanding and devoted effort in favour of the ideas of peace and arbitration, lie Ducommun for his untiring and skilful directorship of the Bern Peace Bureau and Charles Albert Gobat for his eminently practical administration of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Jean Henry Dunant for his humanitarian efforts to help wounded soldiers and create international understanding and Frdric Passy for his lifelong work for international peace conferences, diplomacy and arbitration, To cite this section