CASE STUDY: City of Boston, Massachusetts; third-most densely populated large U.S. city, largest per capita LGBT populations in the United States, List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income, sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council, List of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston, Highest Research Activity (R1) Universities, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Lesley University College of Art and Design, List of hospitals in Massachusetts Boston, Harvard T.H. [171] Boston's status as a state capital as well as the regional home of federal agencies has rendered law and government to be another major component of the city's economy. [105] [42][46] The British sent two regiments to Boston in 1768 in an attempt to quell the angry colonists. The Paddys Alley (BOS-HA-12) and Mill Pond (BOS-HA-14) sites are located on a narrow isthmus connecting Bostons North End to the rest of the peninsula. [31][32][33], Before dying on September 30, 1630, one of Johnson's last official acts as the leader of the Charlestown community was to name their new settlement across the river "Boston". The city annexed the adjacent towns of South Boston (1804), East Boston (1836), Roxbury (1868), Dorchester (including present-day Mattapan and a portion of South Boston) (1870), Brighton (including present-day Allston) (1874), West Roxbury (including present-day Jamaica Plain and Roslindale) (1874), Charlestown (1874), and Hyde Park (1912). [18] The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. Currently, Catholics make up Boston's largest religious community,[67] and the Irish have played a major role in Boston politics since the early 20th century; prominent figures include the Kennedys, Tip O'Neill, and John F. ", "Hubway bike system to be fully launched by April 1", "Hubway expands to Brookline, Somerville, Cambridge", "Divvy may test-drive helmet vending machines at stations", "Who Drives to Work? America's first public school, Boston Latin School, was founded in Boston in 1635. [289] Several major AM stations include talk radio WRKO, sports/talk station WEEI, and iHeartMedia WBZ. Due to its location along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20F (11C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. [47][48][50], After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition helped make it one of the nation's busiest ports for both domestic and international trade. On April 15, 2013, two explosions killed three people and injured hundreds at the marathon. WebBoston First People | Sha-um-ut | Native Americans. The geographical center of Boston is in Roxbury. Other major highways include US 1, which carries traffic to the North Shore and areas south of Boston, US 3, which connects to the northwestern suburbs, Massachusetts Route 3, which connects to the South Shore and Cape Cod, and Massachusetts Route 2 which connects to the western suburbs. [239], Air quality in Boston is generally very good. [324] PBSC Urban Solutions provides bicycles and technology for this bike-sharing system. [285] The Boston Globe also releases a teen publication to the city's public high schools, called Teens in Print or T.i.P., which is written by the city's teens and delivered quarterly within the school year. In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65years of age or older. [115][116] There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 201112 saw only 9.3in (23.6cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0in (2.06m).[112][c]. [185], Several of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are near Boston. Putnam supervised this effort, which successfully installed both the fortifications and dozens of cannon on Dorchester Heights that Henry Knox had laboriously brought through the snow from Fort Ticonderoga. [182], The Boston Public Schools enroll 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. This may also have to do with increased Latin American and Asian populations and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures). [83] The Boston Bruins were founded in 1924 and played their first game at Boston Garden in November 1928. The Boston City Council is elected every two years; there are nine district seats, and four citywide "at-large" seats. [97] [110] Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Hospitals such as Massachusetts General Hospital, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Brigham and Women's Hospital lead the nation in medical innovation and patient care. [298], Video games have used Boston as a backdrop and setting, such as Assassin's Creed III published in 2012 and Fallout 4 in 2015. Boston is a historic city, and the land on which it sits has an even longer story. The series was played between the AL Champion Boston Americans and the NL champion Pittsburgh Pirates. [320] The bikeshare program Bluebikes, originally called Hubway, launched in late July 2011,[321] logging more than 140,000 rides before the close of its first season. Boston also operates the United States' second-oldest public high school and its oldest public elementary school. [88], By the 1970s, the city's economy had begun to recover after 30 years of economic downturn. With nearly a third of Bostonians using public transit for their commute to work, Boston has the fourth-highest rate of public transit usage in the country. Three-fourths of the city is in the 7th district and is represented by Ayanna Pressley while the remaining southern fourth is in the 8th district and is represented by Stephen Lynch,[278] both of whom are Democrats; a Republican has not represented a significant portion of Boston in over a century. The former and current Central Artery follow I-93 as the primary northsouth artery from the city. [210] The Boston Public Health Commission, an agency of the Massachusetts government, oversees health concerns for city residents. Seasonal snowfall accumulation has ranged from 9.0in (22.9cm) in 193637 to 110.6in (2.81m) in 201415. Fitzgerald. Boston has experienced gentrification in the latter half of the 20th century,[95] with housing prices increasing sharply since the 1990s. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, which are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds, and heavy downpours. [13][14] It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution and the nation's founding, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the siege of Boston. As of 2010[update], the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Greater Boston area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. Cities Near Me - Shawmut, Montana - Travelmath trip calculator Subscribe. As a coastal city built largely on fill, sea-level rise is of major concern to the city government. [25] Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States. Since 1966 they have played in Atlanta as the Atlanta Braves. [113] The most recent sub- 0F (18C) reading occurred on February 4, 2023, when the temperature dipped down to 10F (23C); the lowest temperature reading in the city since 1957. Climate Change - U.S. National Park Service [315], Between 1999 and 2006, Bicycling magazine named Boston three times as one of the worst cities in the US for cycling;[316] regardless, it has one of the highest rates of bicycle commuting. The 23 neighborhoods of Boston include: Allston, Back Bay, Bay Village, Beacon Hill, Brighton, Charlestown, Chinatown, Dorchester, Downtown, East Boston, Fenway, Hyde Park, Jamaica Plain, Mattapan, Mission Hill, North End, Roslindale, Roxbury, Seaport, South Boston, South End, the West End and West Roxbury. He was the person most directly responsible for the foundation of Boston by Puritan colonizers in 1630. Boston's harbor activity was significantly curtailed by the Embargo Act of 1807 (adopted during the Napoleonic Wars) and the War of 1812. A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. [287], Various LGBT publications serve the city's large LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) population such as The Rainbow Times, the only minority and lesbian-owned LGBT news magazine. Nevertheless, the city experienced conflict starting in 1974 over desegregation busing, which resulted in unrest and violence around public schools throughout the mid-1970s.[90]. [187] Three universities with a major presence in the city, Harvard, MIT, and Tufts, are just outside of Boston in the cities of Cambridge and Somerville, known as the Brainpower Triangle. [200] Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston on Columbia Point in Dorchester. These include El Planeta (owned by the former publisher of The Boston Phoenix), El Mundo, and La Semana. WebShawmut Peninsula is the promontory on which Boston is built. The coldest month is January, with a mean temperature of 29.9F (1.2C). The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. The Shawmut Peninsula is part of the Cape Cod National Seashore. [224] Other concerts are held at the New England Conservatory's Jordan Hall. This document created the Massachusetts Bay Colony and was signed by its first governor John Winthrop. [64] In the latter half of the 19th century, the city saw increasing numbers of Irish, Germans, Lebanese, Syrians,[65] French Canadians, and Russian and Polish Jews settling in the city. [284] The city is also served by other publications such as the Boston Herald, Boston magazine, DigBoston, and the Boston edition of Metro. The ultimate goal of this initiative is to enlist 500 Bostonians to participate in a free, in-home energy assessment. [112][b] Official temperature records have ranged from 18F (28C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104F (40C) on July 4, 1911. Walsh's predecessor Thomas Menino's twenty-year tenure was the longest in the city's history. [313][314] As of 2015[update], Walk Score still ranks Boston as the third most walkable US city, with a Walk Score of 80, a Transit Score of 75, and a Bike Score of 70. Boston: First People | Shawmut - Errol Lincoln Uys [293] Six Boston television stations are carried by Canadian satellite television provider Bell TV and by cable television providers in Canada. A new & complete map of the city of Boston, with part of Charlestown, Beginning in the North End, these wharves created a focus on the mercantile life of the Boston - COVE Of the four, only Boston College participates in college football at the highest level, the Football Bowl Subdivision. First came the Shawmut Indian tribe, the first occupants of what we now call the Shawmut Peninsula. Foreign trade returned after these hostilities, but Boston's merchants had found alternatives for their capital investments in the interim. TBT: The Village of Shawmut Becomes Boston - The The elevated portion of the Central Artery, which carried most of the through traffic in downtown Boston, was replaced with the O'Neill Tunnel during the Big Dig, substantially completed in early 2006. [104] Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings: the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. [299][300] Some characters from video games are from Boston, such as the Scout from Team Fortress 2. [190] Tufts University's main campus is north of the city in Somerville and Medford, though it locates its medical and dental schools in Boston's Chinatown at Tufts Medical Center. A young officer, Rufus Putnam, came up with a plan to make portable fortifications out of wood that could be erected on the frozen ground under cover of darkness. Between 2004 and 2013, there were only four days in which the air was unhealthy for the general public, according to the EPA. [54] They are often associated with the American upper class, Harvard University;[55] and the Episcopal Church. Hospitals, universities, and research institutions in Greater Boston received more than $1.77billion in National Institutes of Health grants in 2013, more money than any other American metropolitan area. [251], The Boston Red Sox, a founding member of the American League of Major League Baseball in 1901, play their home games at Fenway Park, near Kenmore Square, in the city's Fenway section.